Zeolites and Related Materials as Catalyst Supports for Hydrocarbon Oxidation Reactions

Catalytic oxidation is a key technology for the conversion of petroleum-based feedstocks into useful chemicals (e.g., adipic acid, caprolactam, glycols, acrylates, and vinyl acetate) since this chemical transformation always involved in synthesis processes. Millions tons these compounds are annually produced worldwide find applications all areas industries, ranging from pharmaceutical to large-scale commodities. The traditional industrial methods produce large amounts those involve over-stoichiometric quantities toxic inorganic reactants homogeneous catalysts that operate at high temperature, originating effluents, often leading expensive downstream processes, along with nonrecovery valuable loss within reactant effluent. Due increasingly stringent environmental legislation nowadays, there considerable pressure replace antiquate technologies, focusing on heterogeneous can under mild reactions conditions, easily recovered, reused. Parallelly, recent advances characterization metal complexes clusters support surfaces have brought new insights catalysis highlight ways systematic design. This review aims provide comprehensive bibliographic examination over last 10 years development catalysts, i.e., organometallic or immobilized distinct supports such as zeolites, hierarchical silicas, clays. methodologies used prepare and/or modify critically reviewed, well immobilization active species. heterogenized presented, some case-studies discussed detail.